Lactic Acid 10% + HA is an alpha hydroxy acid solution that provides effective exfoliation at the skin's surface. It aids in the reduction of pigmentation and acne scarring. Lactic acid promotes cell regeneration by breaking down dead skin cells, which helps to reduce the appearance of sun damage, pigmentation, and acne scars over time. A powerful exfoliator that helps to reveal smoother skin.  It is supported with purified Tasmanian pepperberry extract, which has been shown to reduce irritation and sensitivity that can be associated with acid use. This water-based serum is ideal for dry skin types. This pH of this formula is approximately 3.8. Lactic Acid has a pKa of 3.8 and pKa is the most important aspect to consider in formulating with acids. pKa implies acid availability. When pKa is close to pH, there is an ideal balance between salt and acidity, maximizing effectiveness of the acid and reducing irritation